Barcelona Espanha: O que fazer em Barcelona
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Barcelona une vida noturna intensa, história e cultura.
Cidade que encanta desde o primeiro momento devido ao fruto da criatividade de arquitetos como Gaudí e Domènech i Montaner, autores de ícones extravagantes.
A Basílica de la Sagrada Família é uma das atrações mais conhecidas de Barcelona erecebe todos os anos milhares de visitantes. Situa-se na parte norte da cidade, dominando os seus arredores.
Se você pretende visitar Barcelona descubra com nosso guia as principais atrações, dicas de hotéis, compras, mapa e muito mais para você planejar uma viagem incrível.
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Antoni Gaudí foi comissionado em 1. 883 para projetar a Basílica de la Sagrada Família como uma igreja neo-gótica. Mas, em vez de seguir os planos, ele criou um exemplo de assinatura de sua famosa arquitetura Art Nouveau surrealista.
O Parc Güell, outra atração famosa da cidade, foi criado entre 1.900 e 1.914 e apresenta elementos arquitetônicos no estilo de assinatura de Gaudí.
Colunas e escadas sinuosas estão espalhadas por todo o espaço. Essas estruturas criativas são decoradas em fragmentos de cerâmica multicoloridos. Um terraço espetacular oferece vistas panorâmicas da cidade.
A Casa Museu Gaudí, localizada no parque, ocupa a casa onde vivia Gaudí. A coleção exibe obras de arte, principalmente objetos decorativos e móveis, projetados por Gaudí.
O Museu Nacional d`Art de Catalunya está situado no Palácio Nacional em Montjuïc. A sua coleção de arte catalã é uma das mais importantes do mundo.
A Casa Milá é outra atração famosa da cidade, também conhecida carinhosamente por La Pedrera, foi construída entre 1.906 e 1.912.
O edifício é suportado por arcos com nervuras que foram projetados para fins portadores de carga, uma característica que revela o gênio de Gaudí como engenheiro estrutural. Os visitantes podem caminhar ao redor do terraço do telhado.
A área do telhado também recompensa os visitantes com vistas sensacionais, com a perspectiva que se estende até a Basílica de la Sagrada Família à distância.
A Casa Milá abriga o centro cultural Fundació Catalunya que organiza eventos ao longo do ano. O monumento está aberto ao público diariamente.
O coração da vida social da cidade está em La Rambla, uma avenida que se estende da Plaza Catalunya até o porto.
Essa avenida conta com diversas lojas, restaurantes e cafés ao ar livre.
Passeig de Gràcia é uma das principais avenidas de Barcelona e uma das áreas de compras mais importantes da cidade.
Lojas e marcas de luxo como Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Chanel, Carolina Herrera são encontradas na avenida.
O Barri Gòtic foi o centro espiritual e secular da cidade. As relíquias dos antigos edifícios romanos ainda são encontradas aqui, e a Idade Média é melhor representada pelos monumentos históricos.
O Mercat de la Boqueria é um mercado público localizado na Ciudad Vieja. No mercado há diversos tipos de frutas, verduras, carnes, peixes, cereais.
Barcelona conta com diversos museus interessantes.
O Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Barcelona foi aberto em 1.995.
A coleção permanente conta com cerca de 5.000 obras. As coleções se concentram na arte catalã e espanhola, sendo 3 períodos de arte moderna representados.
O Museu Picasso abriga uma das mais extensas coleções de obras do artista espanhol Pablo Picasso.
O Camp Nou é o famoso estádio do FC Barcelona, sendo o maior estádio da Espanha e Europa em termos de capacidade (99.354).
Visite o museu e faça um tour pelo Camp Nou.
Barceloneta é um bairro em Barcelona repleto de restaurantes e tradicionais bares de tapas. A Playa de la Barceloneta é a atração destacada da região.
Foto por Lucrezia Carnelos
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Barcelona (Spain) – tours from Moscow for 2023, prices, description and location
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Barcelona is the main tourist gem of Spain and the second largest city in the Iberian state. Barcelona is located in the northeast of the country, 120 kilometers from the Spanish-French border and is the capital of the autonomous province of Catalonia, the most important region of Spain from an economic point of view. The city is an important industrial and commercial center not only in Spain, but throughout Europe. The port of Barcelona is one of the ten busiest ports in Europe, and El Prat Airport is the largest among all the airports located on the Mediterranean Sea. Which, however, is not surprising, since Barcelona is precisely the largest and most populous city in the Mediterranean.
Population
The city of Barcelona proper has a population of 1,621,537 (2009), but Barcelona does not end with just the urban area. In the Barcelona metropolitan area, the so-called Greater Barcelona, on an area of 636 square meters. kilometers live 3,218,071 people (2009). At the same time, the metropolitan area itself is part of the Catalan province of Barcelona, where the population reaches 5,012,961 inhabitants (2010). All this makes Barcelona the sixth largest agglomeration in Europe and the largest on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
Geography
Geographically, the city is located on a coastal plateau with an area of 170 sq. kilometers, of which 101 sq. kilometer is occupied directly by the city itself. From the southwest, this plateau is bounded by the Collserola mountains and the Llobregat river, and from the north by the Besos river. Thanks to the mountains, the city has a unique landscape, and the highest point of Barcelona is Mount Tibidabo 512 meters high, on which the so-called Collserola Tower is located – a television tower 288.4 meters high, designed by Sir Norman Foster for the Olympics-1992 and visible from most parts of the city.
Like many coastal cities, Barcelona is located on several hills at once, whose names later became the names of city blocks: Carmel (Carmel, 267 m), Monterols (Monterols, 121 m), Puchet (Putxet, 181 m), Rovira (Rovira , 261 m) and Peira (Peira, 133 m). Mount Montjuic, 173 meters high, located in the southwest of Barcelona, is especially famous and loved by tourists. There are many attractions on Montjuic – the city fortress of the 17th-18th centuries and some Olympic buildings.
Barcelona time
Barcelona time is the common European time, i.e. Greenwich Mean Time plus one hour (UTC+1). Summer time in Barcelona is plus one hour to winter time, that is, UTC + 2.
HISTORY OF BARCELONA
The history of the foundation of the city goes back to antiquity. Barcelona is believed to have been founded in the 3rd century BC. e. Carthaginian commander Hamilcar Barca, father of the legendary Hannibal. During a military campaign on the Iberian Peninsula, he built a fortified settlement at the foot of Montjuic, which was named Barcino – in honor of the Hamilcar family. In the II century Barcino came under the rule of the Romans and began to develop as a military and commercial center. After the decline of Rome in the 5th century, the city was captured by the Visigoths and for some time was the capital of the Visigothic kingdom, now called Barsinova. After some time, this name softened to the well-known Barcelona. In 716, the city was captured by the Moors, but already in 801, Louis the Pious, the son of Charlemagne, recaptured it. Barcelona became the capital of the Spanish March of the Frankish Empire. Subsequently, the city passed into the possession of Gifred the Hairy, to whom Charles the Bald, for his courage in the fight against the Moors, along with Barcelona, granted the title of count. It is with the name of Gifred that the origin of the coat of arms of the city is connected – a yellow shield with red stripes. It is believed that in one of the battles, the seriously wounded Gifred left these bloody stripes on his yellow shield with his fingers (according to another version, Karl the Bald did this with the blood of Gifred). Today, Barcelona and all of Catalonia are associated with this symbol.
The independent county of Barcelona developed rapidly, and in the Middle Ages Barcelona was one of the largest and most important cities in Europe, the capital of the Aragonese kingdom, which also belonged to Sardinia, Sicily, Corsica and Naples. After the unification of Aragon and Castile and the beginning of the centralization of Spain, the influence of Barcelona begins to weaken, and at the same time Madrid began to rise, which became the capital of the Spanish kingdom. In modern times, Barcelona was devastated several times by the troops of Madrid, who did not tolerate the separatist sentiments of the Catalans, but this separatism only strengthened and is still an integral part of Catalonia and its inhabitants. Despite all the trials, the city in the 19th century confidently entered the industrial era and began to develop rapidly. The crown of this time was two World Exhibitions – 1888 and 1929 years, as well as the creations of Antonio Gaudi, without which the city today is simply impossible to imagine.
During Franco’s dictatorship, new persecutions against Catalonia and the Catalan language began, which provoked outbursts of Catalan nationalism and even greater hatred of Madrid. And although the times of Franco have long passed, these feelings are still alive and spread among the Catalans. A kind of symbol of confrontation with the center is the eternal mutual hatred of the Barcelona football club and Real Madrid.
At the same time, in the last quarter of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, the city continues to strengthen its international, cultural, economic, financial and, of course, tourist status. In 1992, Barcelona was the capital of the Summer Olympic Games, in 2004 the World Cultural Forum was held in the city. In addition, many cultural events of European and international scale are held in Barcelona every year, for example, one of the main music festivals in Europe and the planet – the May Primavera Sound Festival.
CLIMATE
WEATHER IN BARCELONA
The weather in Barcelona can be said to be ideal for a holiday – the city has a Mediterranean climate, with sub-Mediterranean influences, making it mild and wet in winter and warm and dry in summer months. Barcelona is located on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, therefore, the usual westerly winds, mainly in winter, are the cause of a damp climate for many Western European countries, reaching Barcelona with low humidity and almost no rain. An area of low atmospheric pressure affects Barcelona (and Catalonia) bringing big storms, particularly in August. Autumn and spring are rainy and wet, while summer and winter are quite dry. It must also be taken into account that the western Mediterranean climate is the most variable in the world. For example, October can be very dry, while July or February can be rainy. In any case, the weather in Barcelona is what makes the city very attractive for tourists.
TEMPERATURE
Regarding temperature: December, January and February are the coldest months of the year, with an average temperature of 9°C near the airport, and over 10°C in the city. July and August are the hottest months, with average temperatures reaching 24°C. The record high recorded in the city center during the summer months is 38.6°C. The record low was -6.7°C on February 11, 1956 and -5°C on January 12, 1985. However, in the 19th century (in January 1896) a truly record was recorded for these places -9.6°C. At the Farba observatory, located on Mount Tibidabo, 412 m above sea level on July 7, 19For 82 years, a record summer temperature of 39.8°C has been recorded, and the lowest temperature ever recorded falls on February 11, 1956 -10°C. Near the mountain and near the airport, the annual rainfall reaches 650 mm, and in the city center it is over 600 mm.
Snowfalls and night frosts occur almost annually, and although they are not unusual for Barcelona’s climate, they bring many problems with them. However, the city has also experienced heavy snowfalls, such as a real snowstorm 1962 years at Christmas, bringing with it 50 cm of snow in the city and almost a meter in the suburbs. Although, according to earlier records, in 1887 Barcelona witnessed even more heavy snowfall, when the snow cover was more than 50 cm thick. The third heaviest snowfall was in December 1933. This time the snow fell 30 cm thick on Mount Montjustic. The most recent data refer to January 2006, February 28, 2005, February 29, 2004, February 18, 2003 and December 14, 2001.
Thunderstorms are common in Barcelona from mid-August to November and can sometimes be quite severe. The most recent strong summer storm was recorded on July 31, 2002, when some observers recorded precipitation levels above 200 m. western and northwestern winds. In addition, eastern storms (sometimes with rain) are the causes of huge waves that can bring destruction to the coastal zone. Sometimes the strength of the east and northeast winds can exceed 100 km/h. During the cold season, Barcelona can be influenced by the north or northwest cold winds typical of the northwest Mediterranean basin.
Even if we consider the city of Barcelona as a sunny city, days when the sky is covered with clouds or fog are not so rare. Sea fogs are common in early spring when the first warm air currents from Africa stir the cold Mediterranean waters. As far as cloudiness is concerned, here it is quite common from April to October/November. Interestingly, in winter in Barcelona there is more sun than in August, which, however, does not apply to June or July.
Monthly weather in Barcelona
According to the Yandex.Weather service
Temp. day, °C Temp. night, °C Temp. water, °C Precipitation, mm
Weather in Barcelona in January 13 6 13 30
Weather in Barcelona in February 14 7 13 40
Weather in Barcelona in March 16 9 15 53
Weather in Barcelona in April 18 11 17 45
Barcelona weather in May 21 14 18 54
Barcelona weather in June 25 18 22 40
Barcelona weather in July 28 21 24 30
Barcelona weather in August 21 260005
Weather in Barcelona in September 25 19 25 79
Weather in Barcelona in October 21 15 22 77
weather in Barcelona in November 16 11 20 54
Weather in Barcelona in December 13 8,6 49
90,000 jam from Barcelona oranges . Spain in Russian
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On February 4, a group of volunteers took to the streets of Barcelona’s Sant Martí neighborhood to pick oranges from local trees. These bitter oranges are used to make jam as part of the La Marga project, whose mission is to keep the city’s fruits from going to waste. This year, the territory of the church of Saint-Marti-de-Provence of the Saint-Marti park became the harvesting area. In total, several hundred kilograms were collected and 1,200 jars of jam were made, which were soon distributed to various associations in the area.
Curious facts: Barcelona has over 3,300 orange trees, which is about 1.5% of the 202,000 trees that inhabit the city. The area with the most orange trees is Sant Andreu.
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